Fungal Infection
Fungal infection is an infection that is caused by fungus invading into the skin or the nails or mucosal surfaces. It is very common in people throughout the world.
Fungi live in soil, air, water, plants and some in human body naturally, but when harmful fungi invade the body then it becomes very difficult to kill. The incidence of fungal infections is on rise these days. In fact more and more people are suffering from the more resistant variants of fungi.
Few common types of fungal infections are:-
The causes of fungal infection can be due to stress, indiscriminate use of medicines esp steroids, hormone imbalance or poor immune status or immunocompromised status like diabetes, HIV, patient on immunosuppressant medicines etc. Fungal infections are contagious and when the body comes in contact with the source it can catch the infection especially when the conditions are conducive, like in an immunocompromised patient.
Fungal infection may cause redness, itching, colour change in the skin and sometimes cracking and peeling of skin. Most of the cutaneous fungal infections form a ring like structure on the skin, that is why they are called ringworm infection. In patients who have used topical steroids the classical presentation of fungus is not sen and sometimes it can’t even be detected in KOH preparations.
Tinea of scalp can manifest os hai loss and some greyish scaling can also be visible depending upon the variant of fungi.
Onychomycosis or the nail infection can be seen as dark or yellowish coloured thick nails which are very brittle.
CBP or candidate balanoposthitis or fungal infection of the glans and prepuce can be seen as erythema with exfoliation of skin and sometimes white plaque kind of deposits.
In P. Versicolar white or black spots are seen in the neck and upper trunk area, which can be associated with itching in some patients.
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